【飞凌嵌入式 OK3399-C+开发板试用体验】使用QT工程读取DHT11模块的波折经历

原创 2020-09-30 12:28:00 RK3399 RK3399开发板

作者:donatello1996

上一帖中已经成功使用一个简单的main函数成功读取到DHT11的温湿度数据了,虽然读取温湿度数据响应时间很慢,但至少算是成功读取了,这次我就想在QT环境下进行温湿度的读取,结合美观的图形界面呈现出来,同时,还可以以文件形式读取ADC_IN4接口 CPU0温度以及CPU1温度,使用到的QT类为QThread,还有Linux系统自带的pthread。为什么说是波折经历呢,因为DHT11这个器件对主控和系统的实时性要求实在是太高了,如果是直接用单片机主控来读取,那就没任何问题,但是要用到微处理器,哪怕是RK3399这种主频那么高的CPU,读取DHT11依然会出现实时性问题,这就很烦,由于QT的图形化界面用到了QMainWindow类,会占用一定的CPU实时资源,在这一两天的探索过程中,我先后用了QThread pthread QTimer三种方式读取DHT11数据,结果表明,要想稳定读取,只能用pthread进行,QThread这种QT内建的多线程实现类完全无法读取,顶多只能读取已经存在/sys中的实时CPU温度数据和ADC接口数据,而QTimer这种定时器中断类就更不用说了,实时性比QThread还低得多,跟pthread的效率比起来就没法比。我不知道QThread的实现代码是怎么写的,按我理解来说应该也只是对pthread做一定的封装,也没想到实时性/效率差这么远。 


首先是读写两个CPUzone的温度,需要读取/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp和/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone1/temp:
int fd_cputemp0,fd_cputemp1;
unsigned char buf_cpu_temp0[5];
unsigned char buf_cpu_temp1[5];
fd_cputemp0 = open("/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp", O_RDONLY);
fd_cputemp1 = open("/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone1/temp", O_RDONLY);
read(fd_adc4 , buf_adc4 ,5);
read(fd_cputemp0 , buf_cpu_temp0 ,5);
read(fd_cputemp1 , buf_cpu_temp1 ,5);
 

而ADC_IN4则是用同样的方法读取/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0/in_voltage4_raw:
int fd_adc4;
unsigned char buf_adc4[5];
fd_adc4 = open("/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0/in_voltage4_raw", O_RDONLY);
read(fd_adc4 , buf_adc4 ,5);
 

然后是对于DHT11的读取,原本我是打算使用QThread来进行读取了,也写好了QThread类:

#ifndef MY_THREAD_H
#define MY_THREAD_H
#include <QThread>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include "mainwindow.h"
class MainWindow;
class mythread : public QThread
{
public:
    mythread(QObject *parent);
    void closeThread();
    struct timeval tv1;
protected:
    virtual void run();
private:
    volatile bool isStop;
    MainWindow *m_pMainWindow;
    int fd_cputemp0,fd_cputemp1,fd_adc4;
};
#endif // DHT11_THREAD_H


#include "mythread.h"
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <ui_mainwindow.h>
mythread::mythread(QObject *parent)
{
    isStop = false;
    m_pMainWindow = qobject_cast<MainWindow*>(parent);
}
void mythread::closeThread()
{
    isStop = true;
}
extern float dht11_temp,dht11_humi;
void mythread::run()
{
    int i=0;
    unsigned char buf_adc4[5];
    unsigned char buf_cpu_temp0[5];
    unsigned char buf_cpu_temp1[5];
    while (1)
    {
        if(isStop)
            return;
        //gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
        //qDebug("tv1=%d\n",tv1.tv_usec);
        fd_adc4 = open("/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0/in_voltage4_raw", O_RDONLY);
        fd_cputemp0 = open("/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp", O_RDONLY);
        fd_cputemp1 = open("/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone1/temp", O_RDONLY);
        read(fd_adc4 , buf_adc4 ,5);
        read(fd_cputemp0 , buf_cpu_temp0 ,5);
        read(fd_cputemp1 , buf_cpu_temp1 ,5);
        buf_adc4[4]=0;
        m_pMainWindow->ui->L1->setText(QString("%1").arg(dht11_temp));
        m_pMainWindow->ui->L2->setText(QString("%1").arg(dht11_humi));
        m_pMainWindow->ui->L3->setText(QString((char*)buf_adc4));
        m_pMainWindow->ui->L4->setText(QString((char*)buf_cpu_temp0));
        m_pMainWindow->ui->L5->setText(QString((char*)buf_cpu_temp1));
        sleep(1);
    }
}
谁知道读取不成功,估计是read函数所在线程被CPU打断了,无奈之下只能换成Linux最基本的pthread实现方式:
struct dht11_data
{
    unsigned short temp;
    unsigned short hum;
}curdht11_data;
float dht11_temp,dht11_humi;
pthread_t id;
int fd_dht11;
void *Thread_CPU_Temp(void *arg)
{
    int retval;
    while(1)
    {
        retval = read ( fd_dht11 , &curdht11_data , sizeof(curdht11_data) );
        if ( retval == -1 )
        {
            printf ( "read dht11 error" ) ;
        }
        if(curdht11_data.temp != 0xffff)
        {
            if(0 < (curdht11_data.temp>>8) && (curdht11_data.temp>>8) < 85)
            {
                dht11_temp = (curdht11_data.temp >> 8) + (curdht11_data.temp & 0xff) * 0.01;
                dht11_humi = (curdht11_data.hum >> 8) + (curdht11_data.hum & 0xff) * 0.01;
                printf("---- %f %f-----\n",dht11_temp,dht11_humi);
            }
        }
        //sleep(1);
    }
}
这样的话可以正常读取,由此判断pthread实现方式能抢占到更多的CPU资源,并且pthread线程创建必须在MainWindow主窗口之前:
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    fd_dht11 = open ( "/dev/dht11" , O_RDONLY) ;
    if ( fd_dht11 == -1 )
    {
        perror ( "open dht11 error\n" ) ;
    }
    printf ( "open /dev/dht11 successfully\n" ) ;
    pthread_create(&id , NULL , Thread_CPU_Temp , NULL);
    printf ( "create pthread successfully\n" ) ;
    MainWindow w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}
QThread线程就只拿来读取CPU0温度,CPU1温度和ADC_IN4通道,Qthread线程的运行和暂停又一个按钮来控制:
void MainWindow::on_PB1_clicked()
{
    disconnect(ui->PB1,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(on_PB1_clicked()));
    connect(ui->PB1,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(on_PB1_clicked_2()));
    ui->PB1->setText("Pause");
    thread1->start();
}
void MainWindow::on_PB1_clicked_2()
{
    disconnect(ui->PB1,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(on_PB1_clicked_2()));
    connect(ui->PB1,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(on_PB1_clicked()));
    ui->PB1->setText("Start");
    thread1->closeThread();
    thread1->wait();
}
 

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